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61. Draper, "First Portrait," 5. Draper remembered: "I had for some time used a piece of pure sheet silver, which answered perfectly while it lasted, but with so often heating it on the spirit lamp it became crystalline, and broke to pieces."

62. Draper, "Remarks," 403.

63. Draper to Committee, 3 May 1858.

64. These December portraits probably did not require the use of mirrors to focus bright sunlight onto the face. The subject would merely have to stand in direct sunlight. This simplification when added to a less critical focus (wider depth of field) made such portraits relatively easy to produce.

65. McManus, "It Was I Who Took The First", 82-83.

66. Draper, "Process," 220.

67. Morse to Daguerre, 16 November 1839 in Prime, Life of Morse, 407-408.

68. Beaumont Newhall, The Daguerreotype in America (New York: Duell, Sloan & Pearce, 1961; reprint Dover Publications, 1976), 27-28; Richard Rudisill, Mirror Image: The Influence of the Daguerreotype on American Society (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1971), 58-59; see also Floyd and Marion Rinhart, The American Daguerreotype (Athens: The University of Georgia Press, 1981), 431. The best current analysis of Gouraud in America can be found in Wood, Arrival of the Daguerreotype, 5-10.

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